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Overall Health Situation in India

Comparison of Kerala and all India Health Statistics
Overall health situation in India
A look at mortality statistics
Primary Health

India India
Let us now turn our attention to the overall health situation in India. We will look at some basic statistics impacting health, review health care delivery systems and critique the achievements as well as the unfulfilled targets of health care delivery.

Population Profile: The work on the next census (2001) has already started. Even without it, it can be said that India is heading towards a population explosion. It is one of the most populous nations in the world–second only to China. Nature has only finite resources and the consequences of an ever expanding population to mankind as a whole are grave. Let us look at some of these demographics or should we say “Demographics”.

Large population
High fertility both in terms of birth rate and family size.
Declining mortality
Illiteracy rate of about 40%
Dependency ratio of 0.9, that is, every economically productive member has to support almost one dependent. This table summarizes the most recent
demographic information available:

India: Demographic profile

Total Population (eatimated1996) 952 Million
Population rural% (1995) 73.2 –
Adult literacy rate % (1995) 52 –
Density of population per sq.km (1995) 283 –
Sex ratio female per 1000 male (1991) 929 –
Average family size (1988) 34.8 –
Age at marriage, female (1991) 19 Years
Annual per capita GNP
(at current prices 1994–95)		 INR 8984 –

When we compare some of the available statistics to that prevalent in the west the following is the observation.

Selected health and socioeconomic indicators

  Other developing Countries Developed Countries
Life expectancy at birth (years) 1996 66 77
IMR (per 1000 live births) 55 6
Maternal mortality per 100,000 live births 1990 350 13
Doctor population ratio per 10,000 (1993) 8.4 25.2
Nurse population ratio per 10,000 9.6 74.2
GNP per capita (US $)(1994) 1133 24414
Adult Literacy rate 73 99


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