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Page 1 of 2 Enema
Enema is an injection of fluid into the rectum. This is also known as rectal irrigation.
Requisites: Enema can.
Water temperature: Only lukewarm water.
Procedure: The patient lies down on his right, extending his right leg and folding the left leg at the right angle. The enema nozzle, which is smeared with oil or Vaseline, is introduced into the rectum. Slowly the can is raised to a height of 3 ft. from the patient and water is allowed to enter the rectum. If the patient feels pain during this process, the height of the can should be reduced and the flow of water stopped for a while. The pain will then subside. The enema can is again raised to 3 ft. Generally 2 to 4 pints of water is injected into the rectum. Great care should be taken to avoid entry of air into the bowels as this may cause severe colic pain. When there is pain due to gases, while giving enema, a gentle massage over the colon region will relieve the same. Large quantities of water should not be injected as this may sometimes cause damaged by distending the colon. The water has to be retained for at least 5 to 10 minutes. The patient should take a short walk while retaining the water and then to the toilet where he should slowly expel the water along with accumulated morbid matter. The patient should not hasten to release all the water at once.
Uses: A warm water enema is helpful in cleansing the rectum of the accumulated fecal matter. This is the safest system known to the medical world for cleansing the bowels.
This also improves the peristaltic movements of the bowels and there by relieves constipation. Cold enema at 18°. is helpful in inflammatory conditions of the colon especially in dysentery, diarrhea, ulcerative colitis, hemorrhoids and in fever.Hot enema at 40–42°. is helpful in relieving irritation due to inflammatory pain of the rectum and pain of hemorrhoids. It is also helpful in dysmenorrhea and leucorrhoea. In some cases, where there is an infection in the colon, such as amoebiasis, infective colitis or worm infestation, enema may be administered with neem water (a decoction prepared by boiling neem leaves in water).
Graduated Enema
This is a procedure adopted to discontinue the habit of taking regular enema. On the first day the person is given enema with 3 pints of water at body temperature. On the succeeding days the amount of water is reduced by 1/2 pint per day. During the last 3 days the person may be given enema with 1/2 pint of water just to stimulate the activity of the rectum.
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