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J - K - L - M - N - O - P -
Q - R - S - T - U - V -
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| Heart Valve Dysfunction |
| Reduction in the opening and/or closing of any the four heart valves. Can be minor or severely reduce heart function. Detected with echocardiography. May require surgical valve replacement in severe cases. |
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| Hernia Repair |
| Surgical repair of a hernia. Hiatus and inguinal hernias are examples. Maybe performed through a laparoscope (camera) or through traditional incision. |
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| Herniated Intervertebral Disk – (“slipped disk”) |
| Abnormal slippage (herniation) of the cushioning disk between the vertebrae of the spinal column. May occur at any level of the spine, but the lower neck and lower back are the most common locations. The disk can impinge on the nerves exiting the sides of the spinal canal causing a specific pattern of arm or leg pain and weakness. It can also impinge on the spinal cord itself in the neck causing difficulty with movement (spasticity) or on the nerve bundle at the bottom of the spinal canal causing impotence, difficulty urinating and constipation. Severe cases can be treated with surgical diskectomy. Maybe detected on EMG. |
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| Hiatal Hernia |
| Slippage of the stomach upward through the diaphragm (the muscular separation between the chest and abdomen). This may result in acid – reflux. Severe cases can be surgically repaired by a general surgeon. |
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| Hydrocephalus |
| Impaired flow or absorption of cerebrospinal fluid within the brain. This causes increased pressure on the brain, and may be fatal. Treated with CSF shunting procedure. |
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| Hypertension |
| High blood pressure. Increases risk of stroke and myocardial infarction. |
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