Diagnosis

The diagnosis of high blood pressure has to be confirmed by the doctor. A diagnosis, most often is made after measuring blood pressure on at least three visits, one to several weeks apart.

During the examination of blood pressure, the person should be seated comfortably for at least five minutes. He should not smoke or drink caffeine within 30 minutes before measurement to ensure the best result. A regular record of the blood pressure can be maintained at home using handy, electronic, blood pressure monitors.

Do’s & Don’ts

• Eat healthy foods that are low in salt and fat.
• Lose weight, if you are overweight.
• If you have to drink, then limit alcohol to no more than two drinks (beer, wine or liquor) each day.
• Be more active, physically.
• Quit smoking.
• Take high blood pressure medicines regularly if your doctor has prescribed it and follow directions carefully.
• Have regular blood pressure checks.

High Risk Group

Anyone can develop high blood pressure, but some people are more likely to develop it than others. Here are some high risk groups:

• People with family members who have high blood pressure.
• Women who are pregnant.
• Women who take birth control pills.
• People over 35 years of age.
• People who are overweight.
• People who are not active and lead sedentary lifestyles.
• People who drink a lot of alcohol.
• People who eat too many fatty foods or foods with too much salt.
• People who smoke.

Treatment

Blood pressure must be monitored regularly and counseling regarding the importance of taking medications consistently should be given.

Treatment of underlying disease in secondary hypertension

• Exercise, for at least 30 minutes four times a week.
• Reduce your weight if you are overweight.
• Avoid smoking.
• Restrict the intake of salt in your diet.
• Reduce the intake of saturated fatty diet.
• Decrease alcohol intake.
• Stress reduction.