Times of India
04 September 2010
Washington, DC USA

Device Consists Of Thousands Of Nanoscale Filters & A Bioreactor
An American team led by an Indian–origin scientist has unveiled a prototype model of the first implantable artificial kidney – a feat that one day could eliminate the need for dialysis.

The device, which would include thousands of microscopic filters as well as a bioreactor to mimic the metabolic and waterbalancing roles of a real kidney, is being developed in a collaborative effort by engineers, biologists and physicians nationwide, led by Shuvo Roy, in the University of California, San Francisco, Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences.

The treatment has been proven to work for the sickest patients using a room–sized external model developed by a team member in Michigan. Roy’s goal is to apply silicon fabrication technology, along with specially engineered compartments for live kidney cells, to shrink that large–scale technology into a device the size of a coffee cup.

The device would then be implanted in the body without the need for immune suppressant medications, allowing the patient to live a more normal life. "This device is designed to deliver most of the health benefits of a kidney transplant, while addressing the limited number of kidney donors each year," said Roy.

A model of the implantable bioartificial kidney shows the two–stage system – thousands of nanoscale filters remove toxins from the blood, while a Bio–Cartridge of renal tubule cells mimics the metabolic and water–balance roles of the human kidney.

The team has established the feasibility of an implantable model in animal models and plans to be ready for clinical trials in five to seven years.