Causes of Dry Eye
Tear production normally decreases as we age. Although dry eye can occur in men and women, it is more common in women, particularly after menopause. Dry eye can also be associated with arthritis as well as a variety of over–the–counter and prescription medications. Because of this–and the fact that people with dry eye are more prone to the toxic side effects of eye medications – it is important that you tell your doctor the names of all the medications you are taking. This is especially true if you are taking diuretics, beta blockers, antihistamines, sleeping pills, pain relievers, medication for “Nerves” or even alcohol.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Dry Eye
A simple eye examination by an ophthalmologist–a physician who specializes in care of the eye–can usually detect dry eye. Sometimes, tests are performed such as placing filter–paper strips under the lower lids to measure tear production under various conditions.
Available without a prescription, eye drops called artificial tears are sometimes used to moisten the eyes. Preservative–free drops are also available. You can use the tears as often as necessary, from once or twice a day to several times an hour. Solid inserts that gradually release lubricants may also be beneficial to some people.
Another approach is to conserve the tears you do produce. Tears drain out of the eye through a small canal in the nose (which is why your nose runs when you cry). Your ophthalmologist may have the option of closing these canals either temporarily or permanently.
Like any other liquid, tears evaporate. You may take steps to slow this process such as ensuring there is adequate humidity in the air. A humidifier (or even a pan of water on the radiator) may help. Other irritants could be overly warm rooms, hair dryers or wind. Tobacco smoke is especially bothersome.
Causes of watering of eyes
- Any inflammation or infection of the eyes.
- Foreign body inside the eye.
- Trauma or injury to the eye.
- Obstruction of the drainage (Lachrymal sac & passage) drainage system.
- Deficiency of individual components of tear film (Dry eye syndrome).
Inflammations and infections are treated with antibiotics. Foreign bodies require removal under topical or local anesthesia, trauma is dealt as per the severity of damage done.
Obstruction of the lachrymal sac and passages is clear either with surgical probing or dilatation and in a no responding cases by making of alterative passage surgically.
Dry eyes are treated with tear substitutes or closer of drainage system.
